MadSci Network: Science History |
The earliest meaning of the word 'Indian' seems to be 'native to India.' When Columbus looked for a route to India and came to the Americas he thought the people to be Indians. These are your so-called 'red Indians,' named this for their copper-colored skin. You have to place these conceptions in the context of their time. One further point is that often in modern times the word "Indian" is more generally applied as a synonym with words like "aborigine" and "native."
Civilization is believed by archaeologists to have begun first in Mesopotamia (which is now Iraq) and then in Egypt and the Indus Valley. Dating is somewhere in the neighborhood of 6000 and 4500 years ago.
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