MadSci Network: Earth Sciences |
Animals, including humans, need oxygen to survive, but there is such a thing as too much. Nitrogen is necessary to keep us from breathing in too much oxygen, which can cause oxygen toxicity. Symptoms of oxygen toxicity include: muscle twitching and spasm; nausea and vomiting; dizziness; tunnel vision; tinnitus; irritability, confusion; extreme anxiety; fatigue; coordination problems; convulsions; and death. Nitrogen in molecular form is practically inert for humans (animals metabolize oxygen, while plants metabolize carbon dioxide) and it came to be the most abundant atmospheric gas because of volcanic outgassing and biological waste. Nitrogen is an essential element of life --- it's part of DNA. The noble gases like helium don't occur in nearly enough quantity to be useful to animals in preventing oxygen toxicity.
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