MadSci Network: Anatomy |
Erin: It is true that we all do not have all of the same muscles, but we don't all have the same number of bones, the same exact pattern of blood vessels, etc. either. That is what genetic variability is all about! Because we all have billions of base pairs in our genomes, the possibility of genetic differences among us is very great. As long as the differences are not so large as to endanger our ability to pass on our DNA to the next generation, thoses differences, along with environmental influences, will dictate what our offsprings are like. Even if we have the same number of muscles, their orientation over the joints can be different among people. Couple that with different boney protuberances and we have people that are better at jumping or running or leaping due to different angles over which the muscles work & better mechanical advantage. Also, the make-up of our muscles vary. Some people have more fast twitch fibers while others have more slow twitch ones. This, with training & practice, allows us to be better at some activities & not so hot at others. Scientists have done muscle biopsies from the Quads of atheletes who specialize in swimming, or marathons or sprinting. They have found that the fibertypes vary greatly among them & help them to excell in their chosen event. The difference in fiber make up is due to genetic variability, not in training. People tend to gravitate towards activities in which they do well, so we choose sports that we can do well at. Then, once we have "chosen" the sport that we are good at, we train & practice and get even better. That is not to say that a person with a marathoner's fiber make up couldn't be a sprinter, but that person would never be as good, with equal training, as someone with more slow twitch fibers. I hope this answers your question. Keep studying anatomy & physiology. They are very interesting & important fields.
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