| MadSci Network: Neuroscience |
It would not be possible to be born without the ability to feel pain and be normal otherwise. This is because pain is a warning sign that something is wrong. It tells us when we have been sitting in the same position to long and need to move to restore blood flow, when we have been overdoing to long and need to give our muscles a break and when we have been injured and either need to fix the wound. There is a condition, called familial dysautonomia, in which the patients do not feel pain. (Patients with this have digestive and other problems as well). These kids run into several problems because of the lack of pain fibers, including: The covering of the eye becomes dry and then ulcerated (eroded) because there are no signals that tell the eyelids to blink and bring tears to the front of the eye; the teeth cut the tongue when babies start getting teeth; joints wear out because there are no signals to tell the child when to take it easy on the joints; and traumatic injuries are common. As you can see, life without pain would not be easy or desirable because pain is a protective mechanism that warns when something needs to be done to protect us. (You also asked if it is possible to not feel pain, but otherwise have a normal nervous system. All illnesses that I found in which there were severe problems feeling pain, there were also problems with the autonomic nervous system, such as problems related to sweating or the digestive tract. So, it seems that severe problems with pain sensation also involve problems with other parts of the nervous system.)
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