MadSci Network: Physics |
Acoustic impedance is a way of measuring something like the "stiffness" of a medium with respect to the passage of sound waves. Without looking at your text, I can't be sure, but typically a term like _specific_ acoustic impedance would then imply an acoustic impedance per unit amount of material. Now, the interesting physics comes up when you try to transmit waves from a medium with one impedance into a medium with some other impedance, either higher or lower. At the boundary between the two media, some of the incident energy in the wave will be transmitted and some will be reflected. This is true of sound waves hitting water, light waves hitting glass, electrical signals in a coaxial cable hitting a connector into another type of cable, etc. The relation between the impedances in each medium will determine what fraction of the energy of the wave is transmitted and what fraction is reflected. Those fractions are the transmission coefficient and the reflection coefficient. Intensity is just another way of refering to energy here, so intensity reflection coefficient means the fraction of the intensity (or energy) which would be reflected at the boundary between two sound-carrying media with different impedances ("stiffnesses" or "resistances" to sound transmission). You can read more about the topics of impedance, transmission, and reflection in mechanical systems in the book Vibrations and Waves by A.P. French. Chapter 8 covers this material (though perhaps at a bit higher level than your coursework so far).
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