| MadSci Network: Chemistry |
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"Normality" refers to the activity of a reagent: how many moles of
active species are there per liter? For Brønsted acids and bases,
normality refers to how many moles of H+ or OH- there are
per liter.
Thus, for hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) the normality is equal to the molarity. But for dibasic substances like sulfuric acid (H2SO4) or barium hydroxide Ba(OH)2, the normality is twice the molarity. For a tribasic substance, normality would be three times the molarity and so forth.
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Try the links in the MadSci Library for more information on Chemistry.