MadSci Network: Evolution |
Hi Bree, That's an interesting question. Actually, I had never heard of those examples before. The only other examples that I am aware of humans physically evolving is the little toes, appendix, and wisdom teeth are apparently shrinking. Another thing that I am aware of is that girls are having their first menstration earlier. Apparently, in the early 1900's it was not uncommon for girls to begin menstrating between the ages of 13-15. Today it is around 11 or 12. But, that may be related to our improved nutrition and healthcare. But, it is important to remember that evolution occurs when individuals that are better suited to survive in their environment reproduce to produce more offspring than other individuals. This is referred to as an individual's fitness. Those offspring have the same genes that made their parents more suited to survive. Some of those offspring may be better suited to survive than their parents were and are able to have even more offspring. This is what is meant by the phrase "Survival of the fittest". Of course, all of this can take a very long time. The problem with human evolution is that for at least the past 100,000 years we have changed very little physically. The early Homo sapiens that lived in Africa and discovered the use of fire are not very different than the same Homo sapiens that built the space shuttle or the internet. We have done something that most other organisms haven't: we have made our environment adapt to us. Through the use of tools, agriculture, and language we have greatly reduced the environment's effect on us. Most physical problems that would cause us to evolve to get rid of them have been solved through modern medicine. I think that as long as human technology and culture is progessing as it is, we won't see many changes in the human body. But, our culture and technology will probably change faster and faster. So far, the internet is really racing things along. Thanks for the question!
Try the links in the MadSci Library for more information on Evolution.