MadSci Network: Neuroscience |
Dear Eoin, A little problem with your question is that it is very large. Chemical reactions in the body are numerous, so are feelings, thoughts and actions. The body is composed of several kinds of cells (ex. skin cells, heart cells etc...). Neurons are particular cells because they are excitable; they can produce action potentials that send information to more distant neurons. This implies chemical reactions. Neurons form the nervous system (brain, spinal chord and peripheral nerves). Actually, a neuron is just like an electrical wire: it can be short or long and, more important, it sends information to other neurons. One peculiarity of neurons is that they do not touch each other; they are separated by a very thin space called a synapse. Most neurons communicate between each other via a chemical agent (neurotransmitter) which is released in the synapse by a neuron and captured by another neuron. The latter can be excited or inhibited by the neurotransmitter. Although this process' duration is about a millisecond, it implies many chemical reactions. Moreover, certain kinds of neurons release their chemical agent in the blood and can therefore act on many distant cells. A particular chemical agent can also be specific: it may affect only certain kind of cells while having less or no effect on others. It can be proposed that a given emotion, thought or action is experienced when specific sets of neurons are excited. One thing that should be remembered is that chemical reactions in the brain are various and numerous. It is true that they subtend many aspects of our experience but they take place in a very organized network of neurons and other cells. The more you understand the network (ex. connectivity of neurons, their morphology, the transmitters they use and those which can stimulate them), the more you can postulate hypotheses about how our feelings, thought and actions are produced. Hope that helps, Eric
Try the links in the MadSci Library for more information on Neuroscience.