MadSci Network: Chemistry |
Carbon is a major component of almost everything on earth, including those in your list such as leaves, grass, paper, etc. Hydrogen is also very common; substances containing both hydrogen and carbon are known as hydrocarbons. When you burn these type of substances, the reaction is called a combustion reaction. Combustion reactions occur when extreme heat (such as a flame) is applied to a substance in the presence of oxygen. The main products of a combustion reaction are carbon dioxide and water. At this point in our discussion, we have carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen involved in the reaction. There are other components in the reaction that play a part in producing different types of byproducts. These other components are what makes different types of smoke. Each of those things on your list have unique components, which produces different byproducts in the reaction, which produces different types of smoke. Another important thing to remember about all reactions, including combustion reactions, is that very few, if any, proceed to 100% completion. This means that there will always be byproducts and some leftover reactants at the end of the reaction. This is called incomplete combustion. In a complete combustion of a hydrocarbon, the only products left at the end are carbon dioxide and water. In incomplete combustion, there are byproducts and unused reactants at the end, which produces different types of smoke.
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