MadSci Network: Environment & Ecology
Query:

Re: Effects of human faeces or chlorides on the body.

Date: Wed Nov 22 08:58:52 2000
Posted By: Tony Gaglierd, Faculty, Natural Science and Engineering Technology, Point Park College
Area of science: Environment & Ecology
ID: 972581528.En
Message:

Hi Davey: You asked several questions that all have a common thread:” the 
transmission of disease”.

Both rat and human feces are capable of transmitting a wide Varity of 
diseases. Such diseases as typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, dysentery 
both amoebic and bacillary, salmonellosis,viruses such as polio, 
hepatitis, and the norwalk viruses can be spread by sewage. Infants can be 
infected by E Coli, a normal inhabitant of waste.

For diseases to be transmitted you need an agent, the sewage, a vector or 
method of transmitting the microorganisms to the host, the individual. 
Common routes are contaminated food and water and contamination on hands.

Rat feces can transmit murine typhus, tularemia, salmonellosis, weiles 
disease, also known as hemorrhagic jaundice.

Dried rat fecees and urin,when inhaled,can cause alergic reactions in 
sensative people. 

In your example the sewage would contaminate the area, and both direct and 
indirect contact via insects and rodents could spread disease organisms to 
people. The mold and fungus would grow on the water damaged organic 
materials and the spores of the organisms could cause allergic reactions 
and serious lung diseases. One specific organism is staciabotrus. 

Testing for air born microorganisms and fungi is accomplished by using a 
device called an Anderson Sampler. Air is drawn through the device at a 
rate of 28 l/min 1 cfm. Inside is a plate with very tiny holes. On the 
other side of the plate a petri dish with media, commonly blood agar
for bacterial and sabrous agar for mold and fungus.The microorganisms in 
the air impact on the agar and stick to it.The plates are incubated and 
any colonies that grow are identified. A sample of the outside air is 
taken as a control.

The permeable materials contaminated by sewage should be removed and 
replaced.Impervious surfaces can be cleaned and disinfected.

Hypochlorite is chlorine dissolved in water, also known as household 
bleach. The major hazards of this material are the fact that it is 
alkaline that is corrosive. It can damage skin and eyes.If large amounts 
of chlorine are released and inhaled, respiratory and eye irritation can 
occur.


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