MadSci Network: Chemistry
Query:

Re: how certain variables affect the current and voltage in a Daniel Cell

Date: Wed Feb 14 10:00:38 2001
Posted By: Keith Allison, , dept: New Product, Technology & Development, Binney & Smith, Inc. (Crayola)
Area of science: Chemistry
ID: 981668208.Ch
Message:

Bob,

     Concerning your experiment, your hypotheses about voltage increases 
with concentrations (#2) is sound as dictated by the Nernst equation, but 
be careful of your hypotheses concerning current.  Regarding #1, I agree 
that, at least according to theory, as temperature rises there should be a 
proportional rise in voltage as dictated by thermodynamics:( if D 
= "delta", and E = electrode potential, and S = entropy of the system)

DG = -nFE = DH - T(DS), or T = ( nFE + DH ) / DS

where temperature is proportional to potential (voltage).  However, 
temperature is also proportional to DH (heat).  As the voltage increases, 
so does resistance according to the equation V=iR, where v = voltage, i = 
current and R = resistance.  Between i and R, I believe that a simple 
experimental setup (regarding wire connections, etc.) will generate a lot 
more resistance than current...
     As for #3, you may not see a significant rise in current for similar 
reasons stated above...  


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