MadSci Network: Astronomy |
The size (diameter or radius) of stars varies depending on their mass, their energy output (called the luminosity) and their surface temperature. The largest stars are red (cool) supergiants. They are about 1000 times the size of the sun. The sun is about 100 times the size of the earth or diameter of the sun=1.4 million km. The smallest regular stars are red (cool) dwarfs. They are about 0.1 the radius of the sun. Besides regular stars (i.e. stars that produce energy by nuclear reactions), there are also three types of stellar remnants (i.e. objects that have used up all their nuclear fuels). They are White Dwarfs, Neutron Stars and Black Holes. White Dwarfs are about the size of the earth, Neutron Stars are about 10- 20 km in diameter and Black Holes have a radius in km = 3x mass of the star in solar masses. radius squared of a star = Luminosity/(4 pi Stefan Boltzman constant x Temp to the 4th power) [R^2=L/(4 pi sigma T^4) You can find the formula in most Introductory Astronomy books on the Chapter dealing with the properties of stars. For example, Foundations of Astronomy by M. Seeds (4th ed) p174
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