| MadSci Network: Zoology |
You really need to be a local tracker to answer this question, as there are so many 'ifs' and 'buts'. The first question is - what is the size range of the bears in your area ? There are probably different races in different parts of Alaska. Males, females and young probably all have different sized feet in proportion to their weight, and each individual's weight is going to vary with its condition. If you knew the range of sizes of the local bears, their likely condition at the appropriate time of year and the range of sizes of footprints, you might be able to attempt an answer. The Inuit have this skill, and can estimate a polar bear's condition from the shape of the individual pads of the foot. Footprints are fascinating pieces of evidence for the presence and behaviour of wild animals, but they rarely give accurate information of the kind you require. There are so many variables. Was the animal walking on a slope ? Which gait was it using, and at what speed ? How firm was the substrate in which the prints were found ? How long was it since the tracks were made - they may change size as the mud dries out or the snow melts. Also - what did you measure ? Was it the bottom of the imprint, where the animal's foot was actually resting, or the squeezed out mud on the sides ? Did you include the claws in your measurement ? I expect that if you had measured several prints from the track, you would have found them to be different sizes, as the bear moved from firm to soft substrate, turned and paused. Sorry to be so unhelpful, there are a lot of interesting questions to asked about footprints, but the one you chose to ask is a difficult one to answer from a distance. Why not start collecting casts and photos of footprints of your local wildlife, and find out some of the answers for yourselves ? As for your bear prints, I would ask a local hunter to come in and look at them - or even better, two or three hunters, and listen to them argue ! I wish I had bears around my school !
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