MadSci Network: General Biology |
Does the body lose weight at the moment of death? I am aware of no rigorous study that has actually tried to address this question. So, the only correct answer that I can give you is: I don’t know. But, I can share some of my insights into human physiology to show you why I think the answer to your question is no. First off, let’s straighten out the differences between kinetic and potential energy. Potential energy is stored energy – in the body it is stored mostly in the forms of food (in various stages of digestion) and fat. Other forms of potential energy exist within the human body, but by definition potential energy will remain just that – potential – once a person dies. Death would bring about no change in potential energy from the perspective of human physiology. Kinetic energy is the energy of movement. A dying, bedridden, person’s kinetic energy would be represented by the beating heart and the associated blood flow, the movement of the breathing muscles, and some functions of basal metabolism. Most of this energy is degraded as body heat. Once a person dies, no more body heat is created – and I suppose that would be the measurable kinetic energy loss associated with death. How much kinetic energy is lost? In a normal, healthy person, daily activity requires about 2000 kilocalories of energy (it will vary depending upon sex, size, and a few other things). A dying person would almost certainly use less energy, but let’s keep the number 2000 kilocalories for the sake of simplicity. That means that a person would expend about (create kinetic energy of about) 20 calories per second to stay alive (2000000 calories / 24 hours/60 minutes per hour / 60 seconds per minute. So now we have 20 calories of kinetic energy at the second of death (I’m using the second of death since “moment” is not quantifiable, but would be a small number in any case). Now lets invoke the E=MC^2 equation. To calculate the amount of mass associated with this energy we need to solve for M, which is M= E/C^2. So, to calculate the mass, we need to divide 20 calories by the speed of light squared. The speed of light is 3 x 10^8 meters/sec, squared that comes to 9 x 10^16. Dividing 20 by 9x10^16 comes to about 2 x 10^-16. In other words, the amount mass lost each second (at the moment of death or otherwise) is about 0.0000000000000002 grams. I’m not sure that I’ve done all the unit conversions properly, but in any case the amount of mass lost is remarkably small. So small, in fact, that a greater amount of weight would be lost due to the air that is exhaled and the sweat that evaporates from the skin. For all practical purposes, this number is so small that most biologists would be unable to measure it. That’s as close to zero as you ever get in biology.
Try the links in the MadSci Library for more information on General Biology.