MadSci Network: Genetics |
Dear Dimple You ask a very interesting question, but the answer depends on exactly what kind of hybridization has been used. The most common form of hybridization does not involve two different species. Rather, it is a cross of two different varieties, or lines, of one species. This is commonly used in plant breeding to produce so-called F1 hybrids (F1 because they are the 1st Filial generation). Usually, the parent lines of an F1 hybrid are themselves inbred and uniform. They are homozygous for all genes, meaning that they have two copies of the same allele for every gene. When the two lines are crossed, their offspring inherit one allele from one parent and one allele from the other, for every gene. The offspring are usually very vigorous and very uniform, which are traits that intensive farmers and growers want. F1 hybrids often do produce offspring of their own, but these offspring will contain a mixture of alleles from their parents, and so they will not be uniform and some may not be as vigorous as the parents. So if the farmer or grower is looking for the same qualities as he or she had in the F1 hybrids, those qualities will not be there. That is why people are told they cannot save the seed of F1 hybrids. The seeds may be perfectly good, but they will not retain all the qualities of their parents. Other kinds of hybridization, which do involve two distinct species, may or may not permit the production of fertile offspring. Often, when the two species are animals, the male may be fertile and the female sterile. This is often the case with mules, for example, which are a cross between a horse and a donkey. In many plants, interspecies hybrids are perfectly fertile. Other crosses are not fertile, or not very fertile. Usually, the problem in these cases is that the two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent, are too different to allow them to align during meiosis. This means that no gametes are formed. I realize that this is a complex answer, but as I said, you posed a question that is actually rather difficult without knowing more about the specific cross you have in mind. Best wishes and good luck Jeremy Cherfas
Try the links in the MadSci Library for more information on Genetics.