MadSci Network: Botany |
Musgrave et al. (2004) measured the internal cavity of green pepper during normal development and found the following composition: 16-21% oxygen, 10,000-40,000 ppm or 1 to 4% carbon dioxide and 4-260 ppb ethylene. The normal atmospheric levels are about 21% oxygen and 400 ppm carbon dioxide. Basically, the carbon dioxide concentration was up to 1,000 times greater in the fruit than outside. It appears the decrease in oxygen was roughly balanced by an increase in carbon dioxide. That makes sense given cellular respiration requires oxygen and produces carbon dioxide. It seems like carbon dioxide does not readily diffuse out of the pepper fruit but is trapped there. That may be because there are no stomata on the fruit surface and it has a waxy cuticle to reduce the rate of water loss. The second reference indicates that the internal air space in fruits is about 95 to 98% relative humidity. References Musgrave, M.E., J. Blasiak and A. Kuang. 2004. Roles of intra-fruit oxygen and carbon dioxide in controlling pepper seed development and storage reserve deposition. American Society of Gravitational and Space Biology Annual Meeting Storage conditions affecting the life of fruit.
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