Subject: Two questions, one of black holes, and one of wave/particle duality

Just to let anyone who gets this know, I have already asked this question and 
have been told to check the archives but found nothing that directly answers 
this question in full:

Question one:  I know that this is a little stupid, but why do they 
call a black hole a balck hole?  I've read that it's because it has such a 
strong gavitational pull that not even light can escape it once it enters what 
I belive is called the critical circumfrence.  I ask this because a 
friend believes that light is not subject to this, and I wish to know if I'm 
right or he is(basically I need confirmation one way or the other).  This is 
where the subjuect of wave/particle duality comes in.  I've also read that 
light acts as both a wave or a partilce (photon) when 
treated as such (or experimented on as one or the other).  I wish to know if 
this is still accepted in the scentific community and if so, is this the 
(possible) reason that light can't escape a black hole, but, either gets 
redshifted out of exsistence trying to do so, or gets "sucked in" to the 
singularity itself.  I do not know his sources for his information, but mine 
is one that is recomended regularly here.  It is "Black Holes and Time Warps, 
Einstine's Outrageous Legacy."  If in any way I need to be corrected (or 
hopefully not) please tell me.  Also,  Please keep the math to an Algebreic 
level as to the fact that I'm not so far up there (I'm working on it).  Any 
other books you recomend would also be good.

                             Thanks, again- Andrew DeLong 

Re: Two questions, one of black holes, and one of wave/particle duality