| MadSci Network: Medicine |
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus can be inactivated by many things, including exposure to air. It cannot be passed from one person to another by coughing or sneezing because it is a very fragile RNA virus that cannot survive exposure to air or drying conditions. So we cannot test it's survival in a microwave, because it is already killed by the air in the microwave. If you want to "kill" HIV in a person, you have to destroy more than viral particles. HIV is a retrovirus, which means it copies its RNA genome into DNA, and that viral DNA is then inserted into the host chromosomes before new virus can be made. Thus if you "kill" virus particles, more particles can still be made from the viral template that is in the host chomosomes. It would be analagous to destroying the bombs of a country but not destroying the bomb factories, so the country just builds more bombs. Another part of your question that does not make sense, is the question of wavelength. The HIV viral particle is about 60 nanometers (0.06 micrometers) in diameter. I don't think a wave of that length would be a microwave, but I could be wrong (I'm a genetecist, not a physicist). The virus is made up of proteins and nucleic acids, and agents which would destroy these compounds would also destroy the host cells. It is easy to destroy the virus outside the host, it is very dificult to destroy it inside the host, without also damaging the host.
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