| MadSci Network: Astronomy |
If I am interpretting the question correctly, Iım assuming that youıre describing a blue shift of light emitted from collapsing electron orbitals. There is no blue shift associated with an electron orbital collapse. That is, when an electron orbital shifts to a lower energy level, it emmits a discrete wavelength of light that is equal to the energy lost as it decays from a higher enrgy orbital to a lower energy orbital. There is no reletivistic event occuring here, thus, there is no blue shift or red shift. A blue shift could only occur if the entire atom associated with the electron orbital were moving toward the observer. I think what you might be confusing is that the greater the "fall" from the higher most to the lower most energy level of an electron orbital, the higher the frequency of light that will be emitted. For instance, if an electron falls from the second electron orbital to the first, the energy difference is small and the light emitted is of a long wavelength (such as red, assuming it is visible at all) which is a low energy wavelength. If an electron "falls" from, say, the fifth orbital to the first, the enrgy difference is large, the light emitted is of shorter wavelength (perhaps blue or violet) representing high energy. This is not a relativistic effect, this is merely how light is created. When we look at ancient light, we know how the light was created and what wavelengths should make up that light. However, when we compare the light from distant objects to a stationary light source in the laboratory, we can see that the light is slightly off kilter, characteristically redder (is redder a word?) than it is supposed to be. Thus, we know that the object is moving away from us. By seeing how much the light is shifted into the red, we know how fast it is moving away from us. I will give you a hypothetical example of comparing light from distant object to light in the laboratory. We know that mercury (the element, not the planet) emmits several wavelengths of light when it is excited. The excitation of mercury is caused by absorbing energy, either heat, light, or some other form of electromagnetic energy. Some of the wavelengths emmitted are 690.7nm (nanometers), 579.1nm, 577.0nm, 546.1nm, 496.0nm, 491.6nm, and 404.7nm. There are very few substances that will emit light that is very, very close to any of these wavlengths, thus, we know that when we are looking at a very distant object, say, a different galaxy, most of the light we see is from common elements, such as mercury. But if we see light that is 691.7nm, 580.1nm, 578.0nm, 547.1nm, 497.0nm, 492.6nm, and 405.7nm we can see that the entire mercury spectrum has been shifted up in wavelength by 1 nanometer (more red - red shifted), compared to our mercury light source in the lab. If there were a "blue shift" toward the violet from my light source in the lab - as you had thought might come from electron orbital collapse in my mercury light source, than any mercury spectrum outside of my laboratory would appear red shifted. However, There is no blue shift occuring in my mercury light source and everything else I measure on Earth has the correct mercury spectrum. The longer (red shifted) wavelengths comming from the mercury spectrum in our distant galaxy is because that galaxy is moving away from us - actually, we say that the space itself between us is expanding such that it appears that we are moving appart from one another. In summary, the more violet light comming from a light source in the laboratory is because the electrons are falling from a very highly excited state to a very low energy state, rather than falling from a medium energy state to a lower energy state, which would give off a more yellow or red color. This is not a relitivistic effect, such as we see when objects, such as a light source are moving toward us, which would make the light appear to be more blue or violet. Each atom or molecule gives off an exact frequency(s) of light depending on how excited you get it. If this exact frequency(s) is slightly off from where it should be, then we know that the atom or molecule is moving toward us or away from us, depending on whether the shift is toward the blue (moving toward us) or red (moving away from us).
Try the links in the MadSci Library for more information on Astronomy.