MadSci Network: Botany |
Tropism refers to obtaining nutrition or food. The Prefix indicates what the nutrition is related to or caused by. Photo- refers to the fact that this nutrition is related to light. Phototropism is commonly seen in plants as the tend to grow toward the sunlight. The reason for this is through the hormone auxin which is stimulated by darkness and causes growth. That sounds like the opposite of the way it should be, but it is not. If growth is stimulated on the dark side of the plant and no growth occurs on the lighted side of the plant then the plant will bend toward the light. This response allows the plant to gather the maximum amount of sunlight in order produce food for survival.Autotrophs are organisms that produce their own nutrition. Auto- meaning on its own. Plants, some bacteria, and some protists are also autotrophs.
Heterotrophs are organisms that get their nutrition from an outside source. Hetero- meaning different. The kingdoms Fungi and Animalia participate in this tropism exclusively. Eubacteria have some members that are heterotrophic as well as Fungi-like and Animal-like Protists.
There are many other types of tropisms and all are related to obtaining food in some form or another. The two above are general catagories with Phototropism being specific.
Hope this helped.
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Admin note:
David Hershey adds the following:Tropism is very different from trophic. A tropism is a growth response to an environmental stimulus in which the direction of the stimulus determines the direction of growth. In phototropism the stimulus is light. In gravitropism the stimulus is gravity. In thigmotropism the stimulus is touch.
Reference
Salisbury, F.B. and Ross, C.W. 1985. Plant Physiology. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
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