Re: Is there a specific frequency at which cones and rods recieve signals?

I believe I found a peer reviewed short paper with a diagram which directly 
answers your question at http://www.yorku.ca/eye/specsens.htm

In general, the spectral frequency range of the human eye is roughly 350 to 
700 nanometers, give or take a little, with the sensitivity, as you might 
expect, falling off at the lowest frequencies (low red range) and at the 
highest frequencies (violet).  Age tends to make a significant difference, 
with respect to this range, with young children having the widest visual 
range, and the eldest having a more narrow range.  This is a result of a 
combination of the optical clarity of the eye's lense, which becomes more 
cloudy, or 'opaque' with age, and the condition of the retina, which also 
deteriorates with age.

As a rule, there are two types of photoreceptors in the eye, the rods and 
cones.  Rods see grey scale and are sensitive enough to detect a single 
photon.  Cones see color, and are limited to a narrow spot in the center of 
our vision.  Cones respond very quickly to photo-information, and are 
therefore responsible for 'tracking' the motion of a ball, for instance.

Cones are divided into three types, each type having a pigment, I believe 
red, yellow, and blue.  The combination of these three photoreceptors 
allows us to see the full spectrum of color.  The method of photodetection 
involves a photochemical response.  That is, light of a certain frequency 
strikes the retina on the cones, and each type of cone, consisting of one 
pigment each, undergoes a photo-activated chemical change, which in turn 
sends a signal to the brain.  Of course, because the spectrum of light (in 
color) is divided among a group of cones of various types, color detection 
is significantly less sensitive than seeing grey scale.

For references, I've supplied some web sites which are reputable, and 
appear to be peer reviewed.

 http://www.mpg.de/news99/news55_99.htm

for a general description http://library.thinkquest.org/12409/detection.html

and http://www.hhmi.org/senses/b/b110.htm