MadSci Network: Cell Biology |
Oxygen is not healing, you simply need it for respiration. Your cells make ATP, a form of stored chemical energy, from metabolism of things like glucose in your food. During the making of ATP, electrons are removed from metabolites and "sent" down the electron transport chain in mitochondria within your cells. Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in this process, givin you water (H2O). You have no oxygen, you have no electron transport, you have no ATP production, your cells die. Oxygen also can react with metal ions in solution and generate spicies that damage lipid membranes for example. When butter goes rancid, it is just getting oxidized in that way. basically, compounds called lipid hydroperoxides are formed, and these kinds of compounds can keep reacting with others in chain reactions. Vitamin E or tocopherol, is in the lipid membranes of cells and it stops these kinds of chain reactions by becoming a free radical that is stable and not reactive. Ascorbate (vitamin C), can recycle the tocopherol radical back to tocopherol to be used again, and this oxidizes the ascorbate to DHAA. DHAA can be again recycled to ascorbate by other processes in the cell. Cells also have enzymes and other chemicals that scavange or neutralize the damaging free radical oxidation compounds as they arise. Yes, in aging, part of the problem is that proteins and lipids get damaged and sometimes cannot be recycled. These tend to accumulate in time, over years and they will tend to clog up the workings of a healthy cell. Frankly there is nothing you can do about it. You can decrease the rate by eating lots of veggies and fruits to get C, and E in your diet. Avoid the crazy supplements sold in the nutrition stores in mall. They are selling every plant extract that they think scavenges free radicals, but just because they do in a test-tube, does not mean they work in you. The body is selective and will pee most of that stuff out, but your liver carefully processses alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E form kept in the body) from your foods and keeps it in your blood for supply. Don't take too much of anything, especially vitamin A. Dont megadose on vitamin C either. If you are one of those persons that have a high content of oxalate in your matabolism (many do), megadoses of ascorbate (C) causes oxalate to crystallize in your kidneys and can put you in the hospital. SUMMARY: 1) Can't live without oxygen, cause you need to make ATP for fuel. 2) Must have the cells natural antioxidant systems to keep the nasty side of oxygen's reaction products in check. 3)Get your "antioxidant" vitamins from foods if possible (C is water soluble, E is fat soluble). Dont megadose, for excess C or E or A, can become excess DHAA, tocopherol radical and oxidized A, which can make you worst off.
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