MadSci Network: Earth Sciences |
An inversion occurs when the temperature profile versus height above the surface changes from normal. The normal mode is for temperature to decrease with height. Occasionally, especially in a mountain valley in winter, cold air (which is denser) can sink down ice-capped mountains. If warmer air then moves in above you create an inversion in which its cold at the surface and warm above instead of the norm. Now precipitation is usually associated with frontal boundaries between two air masses. One air mass is usually cold and dry, the other warm and moist. Mix and you get precipitation and "weather." BUT, an inversion has an interface between cold air near the surface and warm air aloft. So you could also have percipitation associated with the inversion without having a storm front move through. One reason "weather" is not usually thought to be associated with an inversion is that air is more stable when the temperature increases with height above the surface as compared to when it decreases. In the normal case (temperature decreasing with height), the larger the change in temperature with height, the more unstable the air and the more likely for rising air associated with storms (and precipitation).
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