MadSci Network: Neuroscience |
Peripheral Somatic Tactile Sensory Neurons
PSTSN excitation
This question is interesting. There are the text-book type of answers for high animals (humans) where feedback control from the CNS will limit high pain so that one would pass out basically. This leads into cardiovascular control with a drop in blood pressure and reduced heart rate etc. But I think you are going with the point that this PSTSN excitation is broad but not so severe that it results in one passing out.
One can think that maybe the pain sensory tracts would still be firing even while passed out but higher brain centers don’t respond. Or, is it that the pain tracts are actually short circuited with other neuronal control? I just don’t know.
I could imagine so much stimulation of targeted neurons, that they could load up with Ca2+ ions that would be harmful to the cell, possibly inducing calcium induced apoptosis (cell death) as a result. But then again maybe the target neurons in the brain would desensitize to the continuous exposure to neurotransmitter. Thus, the receptors internalize or remain desensitized to the neurotransmitter and the target cell will not respond. Maybe a combination of both aspects would occur.
I am not aware of experimentation to address these points when considering
many sensory neurons of various types all firing at once. I can envision
some sort of electric shock model in mice or rats to then look for damage,
but these would be extremely cruel experiments to conduct.
Basically I do not have an answer for you.
Further Reading:
Mattson MP, Chan SL (2003) Calcium
Orchestrates Apoptosis Nature Cell Biology, 5(12):1041-3.
The function of calcium in apoptosis is particularly fascinating, particularly when we
consider the prominence of calcium in regulating a multitude of ...
www.nature.com/ncb/journal/v5/n12/full/ncb1203-1041.html
RS Cantor (2003) Receptor
Desensitization by Neurotransmitters in Membranes: are Neurotransmitters the Endogenous
Anesthetics? Biochemistry, 42 (41), pp 11891–11897
nAChR in membranes lacking both phosphatidic acid and cholesterol differ
from the structures of the agonist-desensitized neurotransmitter . ...
www.ionchannels.org/showabstract.php?pmid=14556619
Mellor JR, Randall AD (2001)
Synaptically Released Neurotransmitter
Fails to Desensitize Postsynaptic
GABAA Receptors in Cerebellar Cultures.
J. Neurophysiol. 85: 1847-1857, 2001.
jn.physiology.org/cgi/content/abstract/85/5/1847
Abstract. GABA concentration jump experiments performed on membrane
patches predict that postsynaptic GABA(A) receptors will become
desensitized following the release of the contents of a single GABA-
containing synaptic vesicle. To examine this we used a single synaptic
bouton stimulation technique to directly examine whether postsynaptic GABA
(A) receptors in cultured cerebellar granule cells exhibit transmitter-
induced desensitization. In a large number of recordings, no evidence was
found for desensitization of postsynaptic GABA(A) receptors by vesicularly
released transmitter. This was the case even when as many as 40 vesicles
were released from a single bouton within 1.5 s. In addition, postsynaptic
depolarization and application of the benzodiazepine flunitrazepam,
manipulations previously shown to enhance desensitization of GABA(A)
receptors, failed to unmask transmitter-induced desensitization. In
contrast, a single 2- to 3-s application of a high concentration of
exogenous GABA was able to depress synaptic responsiveness for up to 70 s.
Furthermore, pharmacological depletion of GABA eliminated inhibitory
synaptic communication, suggesting that GABA is the transmitter and the
desensitization-resistant inhibitory postsynaptic currents are not
mediated by a "nondesensitizing" ligand such as beta-alanine. Overall our
data indicate that a specific desensitization-resistant population of GABA
(A) receptors are present at postsynaptic sites on cultured cerebellar
granule cells.
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