MadSci Network: Earth Sciences |
What you are seeing is something very familiar to anyone living in more northerly regions: ice crystals. When the temperatures drops to significantly below the freezing mark, moisture in the air doesn't precipitate out as fog, it goes directly to ice. In warmer temperatures, the crystals are hexagonal in shape, but when the temperatures drop to the -30 - -40 range, they often take on the form of ice needles. The latter form of ice crystal can produce some spectacular effects: pillars of light above the sun near sunrise or sunset, or bright spots or arcs of light offset 23 degrees horizontally either side of the sun; what are affectionately known as "sun dogs". Checking your local library's collection of weather-related material will provide you with more detailed information on how these phenomema are produced, and under what conditions they occur.
Try the links in the MadSci Library for more information on Earth Sciences.