| MadSci Network: General Biology |
Dear Heather, The answer to your question about animal cells is not actually quite as simple as it might seem. If you're referring to a cell with a single nucleus, probably the largest one is an egg cell in the ovary, which can measure as much as 1/10 of a mm in diameter. However, specialized cells in the body can arise via the fusion of many cells into a huge cell with many nuclei. For example, a muscle fiber is actually one very long and wide cell with many nuclei--perhaps 1/10 of a mm wide and several centimeters long. Also, the outermost layer of the placenta is made of one undivided sheet of cytoplasm containing thousands of cell nuclei--the syncytiotrophoblast--that covers the entire surface of the membranes enclosing a developing baby. So living tissue enclosed within a single cell membrane can be extremely large in animals. To my knowledge, plant cells do not show such great variability in size and are all less than 1/50 of a mm in diameter. You can find out more about cells in a book I wrote that may be in your school library. It is called Cells: Amazing forms and functions by John Young, 1990.
Try the links in the MadSci Library for more information on General Biology.